Q5 of 43 Page 1

Give two reasons as to why a weed such a Calotropis flourishes in abandoned fields.

Calotropis flourishes in abandoned fields because it has dry hairy seeds that help in its dissemination. The plant is adapted to xerophytic environment and has adaptations for that like thick hair on leaves and stems. Moreover, it is not grazed by animals as it produces poisonous substances.


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3

Mention one example each from plants and animals exhibiting divergent evolution.

 4

Name any two physiological barriers that provide innate immunity.

 6

Mosses and frogs both need water as a medium for fertilisation. Where does syngamy occur and how is it ensured in both these organisms?

OR


Write the basis of categorising animals as oviparous or viviparous, giving one example of each.


 7

(a) You are given castor and bean seeds. Which one of the two would you select to observe the endosperm?

(b) The development of endosperm precedes that of embryo in plants. Justify.