Q10 of 43 Page 1

How are DNA fragments visualised during gel-electrophoresis? What is elution?

DNA fragments are visualized with the help of the stain EtBr i.e. Ethidium bromide. This stain gives orange colour when passed through a UV light.

Elution is the process of removal of DNA bands from agarose gel, and its extraction from gel.


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OR


If in a population of size ‘N’ the birth rate is represented as ‘b’ and the death rate as ‘d’, the increase or decrease in ‘N’ during a unit time period ‘t’ will be:



The equation given above can also be represented as:



What does ‘r’ represent? Write any one significance of calculating ‘r’ for any population.