Mosses and frogs both need water as a medium for fertilisation. Where does syngamy occur and how is it ensured in both these organisms?

OR

Write the basis of categorising animals as oviparous or viviparous, giving one example of each.

In frogs: The fertilization takes place externally. The sperm in released in the water. The gametes are motile and produced in large number. The maturation of the sperm and ova are synchronized so as to ensure syngamy or fertilization to take place.

In moss: Fertilization is internal. It takes place inside the body of the organism. Male gametes are motile and are produced in a large quantity.

OR

An organism is categorized as oviparous or viviparous on the basis of whether an egg is laid or a young one is born.

Oviparous organisms lay eggs which maybe fertilised or unfertilized. Example: lizards and birds.

Viviparous organisms give birth to young ones. Example: A majority of mammals are viviparous, human beings.