Q19 of 43 Page 1

(a) Name the causative agents of pneumonia and common cold.

(b) How do these differ in their symptoms?


(c) Mention two symptoms common to both.


OR


(a) Write the scientific names of the causative agent and vector of malaria, and write its symptoms.


(b) Name any two diseases spread by Aedes sp.


a) Pneumonia is caused by Streptococcus pneumonia. Common cold is caused by Haemophilus influenza and Rhinoviruses.


b) Different symptoms:


Pneumonia: Chills, lips and fingers turning grey to black, fluid in lungs.


Common cold: Infected nose and respiratory passage. Sore throat and hoarseness are common symptoms.


c) Common symptoms:


Pneumonia and common cold: Cough and headache.


OR


a) The causative agent of malaria is Plasmodium. The species of Plasmodium may differ. It may be Plasmodium vivax, plasmodium falciparum or Plasmodium malariae. The vector for it is the female Anopheles mosquito. Symptoms of malaria include, high fever, chills and sweating.


b) Aedes species of mosquito can lead to spreadin of Dengue and Chikungunya.


More from this chapter

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17

‘‘Use of heavy isotope of nitrogen by Meselson and Stahl demonstrated semi-conservative mode of replication of a DNA molecule.’’ Explain how did they arrive at this conclusion.

OR


Explain the mechanism of translation that occurs in the ribosomes in a prokaryote.


 18

According to Darwinian theory of natural selection the rate of appearance of new forms is linked to the life-cycle or the life-span of an organism. Explain with the help of an example.

 20

(a) Differentiate between inbreeding and outbreeding.

(b) List any three advantages and one important disadvantage of inbreeding practice in animal husbandry.


 21

Name the most commonly used bioreactor in biotechnology labs. Mention the most essential components this bioreactor must have so as to provide the optimum conditions to the culture medium, resulting in production of large volume of desired product.