State the roles of AUG codon at 5’end and UAG at 3’end of a certain m-RNA during translation.

OR

‘Degenerate’ and ‘Universal’ are salient features of a genetic code. Explain.

AUG codes for methionine which acts as a start codon initiating the process of translation. The stop codons are UAA, UAG, and UGA encoding for no amino acids and are responsible for terminating the process of translation. So UAG at 3' end terminates translation of an mRNA.

OR

‘Degenerate’ and ‘Universal’ are salient features of a genetic code as:

Some amino acids are coded by more than one codon which is why the genetic code is degenerate while The code is nearly universal as from bacteria to human, UUU codes for Phenylalanine (phe). Exceptions to this have been found.