Q15 of 42 Page 1

State any four events that are responsible for the strained relations between India and China.

After 1947, many events strained the relationship of two neighbouring countries- India and China.


• India was uncomfortable when China annexed Tibet in 1950.


• In 1954 India and China signed the Panchsheel treaty but in 1957 India gave political asylum to Dalai Lama and Tibetan refugees which triggered discomfort between the countries again.


• In 1962, China invaded Indian territory and there was border conflict at Arunachal Pradesh and Ladakh.


• From 1962 to 1976 every peaceful relation and diplomatic relations got downgraded due to these various reasons which strained the relationship between India and China.


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13

Highlight any four economic effects of globalisation.

 14

Explain any two major differences between the First Five Year Plan and the Second Five Year Plan.

OR


Explain the circumstances that led to the accession of Hyderabad to India in 1948.


 16

Describe any four types of excesses made during the Emergency imposed in 1975.

OR


Mention any four outcomes of the fourth general elections held in India in 1967.


 17

Read the passage given below carefully and answer the following questions :

It meant the end of Cold War confrontations. The ideological dispute over whether the socialist system would beat the capitalist system was not an issue any more. Since this dispute had engaged the military of the two blocs, had triggered a massive arms race and accumulation of nuclear weapons ........, the end of confrontation demanded an end to this arms race and a possible new peace.


(i) Name the two alliances that were in confrontation during the Cold War.


(ii) Why did the arms race lead to a demand for peace ? Explain.


(iii) Why was accumulation of nuclear weapons considered as a great danger to the global environment ?


OR


Read the passage given below carefully and answer the following questions :


Non-alignment is also not neutrality. Neutrality refers principally to a policy of staying out of war. States practising neutrality are not required to help end a war. They do not get involved in wars and do not take any position on the appropriateness or morality of a war. Non-aligned states, including India, were actually involved in wars for various reasons.


(i) Define Non-alignment.


(ii) Differentiate between non-alignment and neutrality.


(iii) Inspite of being non-aligned states, why were some states involved in war ? Give any one reason.