Q2 of 43 Page 1

How is lactic acid bacteria beneficial to us other than helping in curdling the milk ?

Lactic acid bacteria are beneficial to us other than helping in curdling the milk are:

(i) Lactic acid bacteria (LAB) converts milk into curd and also additionally improves the nutritional value by increasing vitamin B12 content.


(ii) Lactic acid bacteria (LAB) also provides resistance against some microbes in the stomach and gut. Thus, it acts as a probiotic which helps in better digestion.


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26

Sketch a schematic diagram of lac operon in switched on position. How is the operon switched off? Explain.

OR


A tall pea plant bearing violet flowers is given with its unknown genotypes. Explain by working out the crosses how would you find the correct genotypes with respect to the two traits mentioned only by “selfing” the given plants.


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On what basis is the skin colour in humans considered polygenic ?

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Why Western Ghats in India have been declared as biological hot-spots ?

 8

Draw labelled diagrams of stable and declining age pyramids of human population.