Examine the economic implications of globalization? How has globalization impacted India with regard to this particular dimension?

Or

Examine the multi-pronged Issues related to the rights of the indigenous communities.

The economic implications of globalization are as follows –

• Globalization caused restrictions imposed by different countries on imports of other countries leading to an increased trade of commodities across the globe.

• It also reduced the restrictions on the movement of capital between countries. This has allowed developed countries to invest in developing countries where the investor has gained better returns while the countries with investment have been able to develop further.

• Along with the increased movement of goods and capital, globalisation has also caused increased exchange of information and technology like the internet and other computer related services.

• It has also been able to create a more open world by increasing the movement of people from one country to another.

But as is the case with all concepts and policies, the economic implications of globalization also have a negative aspect. The gains from globalization are still restricted to a small group of people creating further economic inequality in the world. It has made visa requirements stricter in developed countries which aim to protect the job security of their own citizens.

India in recent times has seen a sea change due to liberalisation and globalisation. With deregulation of various sectors in the country including trade and foreign investment there has been a rise in the inflow of foreign capital and an increase in export activities. Multi-national companies have created more jobs in the country. Several Indian companies like Tata Motors, Ranbaxy etc have themselves become multinationals and this has allowed India to play a crucial role in other developing countries. But, the impacts of globalization on India are still at an early stage and hence the judgement regarding the same should be withheld.

Or

The UN defines indigenous population as comprising the descendants of people who inhabited the present territory of a country at the time when persons of a different culture or ethnic origin arrived there from other parts of the world and overcame them. The indigenous communities face several issues which include –

• Loss of land which historically belonged to them to the colonizers.

• Since most indigenous communities depend on land for their subsistence, loss of land translates to a loss of their main economic resource base.

• Since they form a minority in most countries, domestic and international policies tend to ignore their issues unless they affect the majority population.

Indigenous communities in recent times have gained several rights which include –

• Free access to land to support their living conditions and economic bases.

• Acceptance by the world community of their separate identity as well as the need to protect said identity.

In India, ‘Scheduled Tribes’ form the indigenous community and they constitute nearly 8%of the total population of India. The Indian Constitution has several laws in place to protect these communities and help in their development.