Q4 of 42 Page 1

Write the scientific name of the organism Alexander Fleming worked on and discovered the first antibiotic. Was the organism he worked on a fungus or a bacterium?

OR


Suggest a method to overcome excessive inbreeding depression.


The scientific name of the organism on which Alexander Flemings worked on the discovered the first antibiotic is PENICILLIUM NOTATUM in 1928

The organism is a fungus



OR


Inbreeding (mating between closely related organisms or plants) lowers the ability to survive or to reproduce which is called inbreeding depression


For example –


Methods to overcome excessive inbreeding depression are –


1. Outbreeding ( It is a process in which breeding is done between unrelated or distantly related individuals of a species )


2. Cross breeding ( It is a process in which breeding occurs between two purebred individuals from different breeds )


3. Interspecific hybridization(It is a process in which breeding occurs between individuals from two species , normally within the same genus)


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2

Differentiate between a DNA and a RNA nucleotide.

 3

What is ‘Saltation’ according to de Vries?

 5

Name the pollutant attributed to be the cause of ‘ozone-hole’ over the Antarctica region.

OR


List the greenhouse gases other than carbon dioxide.


 6

(a) List any two characteristic features of wheat flowers that make it a good example of wind pollination.

(b) It is observed that plant breeders carrying out wheat hybridization often take pollen grains from the ‘pollen banks’. Do you agree? Give one reason in support of your answer.