Q20 of 42 Page 1

Write any six salient features of the human genome as drawn from the human genome project.

Human genome is made up of 23 chromosome pairs (22autosomal chromosomes and two sex chromosomes X and Y)

SIX SALIENT FEATURES ARE –


•Human genome contains 3164.7 million nucleotide bases


•The average gene consists of 3000 bases , but sizes vary greatly with the longest known human gene being dystrophia at 2.4million bases


•The functions are unknown for over 50% of the discovered genes


•Less than 2%of genes code for proteins


•Repeated sequence make up a large portion of the human genome


•Chromosome 1 has the most genes – 2968 and Y has the fewest - 231


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18

While on an excursion to a hill station, some of the children developed allergic symptoms.

(a) List any two allergic symptoms.


(b) Name any two allergens.


(c) List any two antiallergens.


 19

‘‘Appearance of melanised moths post-industrialisation in England is aclassic example of evolution by natural selection.’’ Explain.

 21

What is heterogamety? Explain the mechanism of sex determination inDrosophila.

OR


Explain the process of making heterogeneous nuclear RNA (hnRNA) into a fully functional mRNA in eukaryotes. Where does this process occur in the cell?


 22

(a) Name and explain the mode of action of any two types of IUDs.

(b) List the advantages of using ‘Saheli’ as a contraceptive.