Q6 of 39 Page 143

Match the conditions in Column A with the cause in Column B.































A (Condition)



B (Cause)



(a) Dwarfism and mental retardation



(i) Shortage of glucose in blood.



(b) Diabetes mellitus



(ii) Oversecretion of growth hormone.



(c) Excess of glucose in blood.



(iii) Insulin shock.



(d) Gigantism



(iv) Oversecretion of thyroxine



(e) Enlargement of breasts in adult males



(v) Hypothyroidism



(f) Exophthalmic goiter



(vi) Oversecretion of cortical hormones.


(a) – (v)


Explanation: Hypothyroidism i.e. undersecretion of thyroxine causes cretinism in children whose symptoms are dwarfism and mental retardation.


(b) – (iii)


Explanation: Excess of glucose in the blood causes a condition called Diabetes mellitus which is caused due to undersecretion of insulin from the pancreas.


(c) – (i)


Explanation: Shortage of glucose in the blood causes insulin shock due to oversecretion of insulin from the pancreas. The patient becomes unconscious.


(d) – (ii)


Explanation: Oversecretion of growth hormones from the pituitary in childhood causes gigantism where long bones grow very long causing an abnormal increase of height of the person.


(e) – (vi)


Explanation: Oversecretion of cortical hormones or overgrowth of adrenal cortex causes enlargement of breasts in an adult male.


(f) - (iv)


Explanation: Oversecretion of thyroxine from thyroid gland causes exophthalmic goitre where a person will have increased metabolic rate, rapid heartbeat, shortness of breath, protruded eyes etc.


More from this chapter

All 39 →
4

Identify the odd one in each of the following and mention what the rest are:

(a) Larynx; glucagon; testosterone; prolactin..............


(b) Adrenaline; penicillin; insulin; thyroxin................


(c) Stomach; ileum; liver; adrenaline...........................


(d) TSH; GH; ADH; insulin. ....................................


(e) Iodine, cretinism, goitre, myxoedema. ..........................

 5

Match the items of column I with those of column II.







































Column I



Column II



1. ‘β’ (beta) cells of islets of Langerhans



(a) Condition due to undersecretion of thyroxine in adults.



2. Thyroid



(b) Glucocorticoids



3. Cretinism



(c) Exophthalmic goiter



4. Addison’s disease



(d) Increases heartbeat



5. Hypothyroidism



(e) Thyroxine



6. Myxoedema



(f) Adrenal cortex



7. Adrenaline



(g) Insulin



8. Cortisone



(h) Undersecretion of thyroxine in a child.


 1

Mention which of the statements are true (T) and which are false (F). Give reason in support of your answer.

(a) Adrenaline is often described as the emergency hormone. (T/F)


(b) There are two kinds of diabetes (mild and severe) related to two different hormones. (T/F)


(c) Simple goitre can be prevented by using iodized salt in food. (T/F)


(d) Pituitary is popularly called the master gland. (T/F)


(e) Hormones "obey" the commands like "enough, slow down or "too little, speed up". (T/F)


(f) Gigantism and dwarfism in humans basically depend on the quality and quantity of the food eaten during the early growing age. (T/F)

 2

How do endocrine glands differ from other glands?