Q1 of 39 Page 143

Compare the hormonal response with the nervous response with respect to their speed, transmission and the general nature of changes brought about.

Hormonal response	Nervous response
The hormonal response is usually slow.	It is rapid or immediate.
Hormones are transmitted chemically through blood.	Nerve impulses are transmitted electro-chemically through neurons and chemically through a synapse.
It brings about specific chemical changes and regulates metabolism.	It does not influence chemical changes and it cannot regulate metabolism.

Complete the following table by filling in the blanks numbered 1 to 7

Gland	Hormone secreted	Effect on body
(1)…………….	(2)………….	Regulates basal metabolism
Pancreas (“beta” cells)	(3)…………….	Controls blood sugar
(4)…………………	(5)…………….	Increase heartbeat
(6) ……………….	Thyroid stimulating hormone	(7)…………….

Complete the following table by filling in the blank spaces numbered 1 to 8.

Gland	Secretions	Effect on body
(1)…………	Oestrogen	(2)………………….
Alpha cells of Islets of Langerhans	(3)……………………..	(4)…………………….
(5)…………………………………..	(6)………………………….	Protruding eyes
(7)……………………………..	(8)…………………………….	Gigantism

Mention three important differences between the action of hormones and that of nerves in the regulatory mechanism of our body.

Study the diagram given below and then answer the questions that follow:

(a) Name the cells of the pancreas that produce (1) glucagon (2) insulin.

(b) State the main function of (1) glucagon and (2) insulin.

(d) Why is insulin not given orally but is injected into the body?

(e) What is the technical term for the cells of the pancreas that produce endocrine hormones?

(f) Where in the body is the pancreas located?

Questions · 39

10. Endocrine Glands - “The Produces of Chemical Messengers”

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