Q9 of 39 Page 143

People living in the low Himalayan hilly regions often suffer from goiter. What could be the possible reason for it?

People living in the low Himalayan hilly regions often suffer from goiter as the soil of those regions are deficient in iodine so food crops grown in those areas are a deficit of iodine. People cannot get the required amount of iodine from these foods.


Iodine is an active ingredient in the synthesis of thyroxine hormone from thyroid gland and deficiency of this causes goitre which is indicated by a swelling in the neck region.


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7

If one adrenal gland is removed, the other one gets enlarged to some extent. How do you explain this change?

 8

Name the two kinds of diabetes? Mention their symptoms and the causes.

 10

Given below is a table designed to give the names of the glands, the hormones produced, their chief functions, the effects of oversecretion and under secretion in respect of thyroid, pituitary, and pancreas. Fill up the blanks 1 – 13.












































S. No.



Source Gland Cells



Hormone produced



Chief function



Effect of oversecretion



Effect of undersecretion



1.



(1)……...........



Thyroxine



(2)………..



(3)……



(4)…………



2.



Beta cells of Islets of Langerhans



(5) …………….



Promotes glucose utilization by the body cells



(6)………



(7)…………….



3.



(8)………..



Growth Hormone



(9) ……………..



(10)……….



Dwarfism



4.



(11)…………



Vasopressin



Increases reabsorption of water from kidney tubules



(12)……………..



(13)………………………..







 11

Complete the following table by filling in the blanks numbered 1 to 7





























Gland



Hormone secreted



Effect on body



(1)…………….



(2)………….



Regulates basal metabolism



Pancreas (“beta” cells)



(3)…………….



Controls blood sugar



(4)…………………



(5)…………….



Increase heartbeat



(6) ……………….



Thyroid stimulating hormone



(7)…………….