Q2 of 39 Page 143

Mention three important differences between the action of hormones and that of nerves in the regulatory mechanism of our body.

Action of hormones	Action of nerves
The effect of hormones can be short-term or long-lasting.	The effect of nervous response is only short-lived.
The effect of hormones is widespread in the body. They can affect different organs at a time.	The nervous response affects only particular muscles or glands.
They cannot be modified by learning from previous experience.	They can be modified to some extent by learning from previous experience.

Complete the following table by filling in the blank spaces numbered 1 to 8.

Gland	Secretions	Effect on body
(1)…………	Oestrogen	(2)………………….
Alpha cells of Islets of Langerhans	(3)……………………..	(4)…………………….
(5)…………………………………..	(6)………………………….	Protruding eyes
(7)……………………………..	(8)…………………………….	Gigantism

Compare the hormonal response with the nervous response with respect to their speed, transmission and the general nature of changes brought about.

Study the diagram given below and then answer the questions that follow:

(a) Name the cells of the pancreas that produce (1) glucagon (2) insulin.

(b) State the main function of (1) glucagon and (2) insulin.

(d) Why is insulin not given orally but is injected into the body?

(e) What is the technical term for the cells of the pancreas that produce endocrine hormones?

(f) Where in the body is the pancreas located?

Given alongside is a portion of the human body showing some important structure in ventral (front) view.

(a) Where is this portion located in the body?

(b) Name the structures numbered 1 – 3.

(d) Is there any duct to carry the secretion from the structure numbered 2? If so, give its name.

Questions · 39

10. Endocrine Glands - “The Produces of Chemical Messengers”

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