How are involuntary actions and reflex actions different from each other?

i. Giving one example of each, explain how the following metals are obtained from their compounds by the process of reduction.

a. Meta ‘A’ which is low in the activity series of metals.

b. Metal ‘B’ which is in the middle of the activity series of metals.

ii. What is meant by refining of metals? In the electrolytic refining of metal M, name the cathode, anode and the electrolyte.

An organic compound A having molecular formula C₂H₄O₂ reacts with sodium metal and evolves a gas B which readily catches fire. An also reacts with ethanol in the presentce of conc H₂SO₄ TO form sweet smelling substance C used in making perfumes.

i. Identify the compounds A, B, and C and write their names.

ii. Write balanced chemical equations of represent conversion of

a. compound A into compound B

b. compound A into compound C

iii. Write the chemical composition of detergents. Mention their advantage over soaps for washing clothes.

OR

i. What are hydrocarbons? Give one example. with two examples each.

ii. Give the structural differences between started and unsaturated hydrocarbons

iii. What is a functional group? Give examples of two different functional group.

With the help of an activity show the blue colour of the sky and the reddish appearance of the sun at the sunrise or sunset.

Explain the underlying principle and working of direct current generator (or DC dynamo) by drawing a labelled diagram.