State any two theories of social movements.

The following are the two theories of social movements:

1. The theory of relative deprivation- According to this theory, social conflicts arises when a social group feels that it is not treated equally or when it feels that it is worse off than others around it which ultimately result in successful collective protests. All instances where people feel relatively deprived do not result in social movements.

2. Resource mobilization theory- Proposed by McCarthy and Zald, the theory argued that the success of a social movement depends on its ability to mobilize resources or means of different sorts. In order for a movement be an effective social movement it should be able to muster resources such as leadership, organizational capacity, and communication facilities and can use them within the available political opportunity structure.