Q15 of 46 Page 1

Examine any four arguments against globalisation that have emerged from all over the globe.

Four arguments against globalisation that has emerged from all over the globe are as follows –


a. Globalisation has led to demotion of the ‘welfare state’ which has led to the further marginalisation of the minorities and the underprivileged.


b. The gains from globalization are still restricted to a small group of people creating further economic inequality in the world.


c. It has made visa requirements stricter in developed countries which aim to protect the job security of their own citizens.


d. Globalisation has led to the imposition of Western culture over the different indigenous culture and this has affected the world diversity.


Alternative Answer


Four arguments against globalisation that has emerged from all over the globe are as follows –


a. Globalisation enabled several MNCs to distribute certain variety of seeds which were bought by farmers in India in hopes for a high return. When the crops failed, the farmers resorted to suicide.


b. In spite of protest by some of the present owners, a certain European company was bought by its rival Indian company and this was enabled because of globalisation.


c. Girls dressed in western apparel from a college were threatened by an extremist group from outside the country.


d. The opening of retail chains by international companies is always accompanied by the fear of losing their livelihood from the small time retail shopkeepers.


More from this chapter

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13

Explain the interplay of military and democracy in Pakistan from 1947 till 2001.

 14

Elaborate upon any four components of traditional notion of security.

OR


Explain any four security challenges facing the newly independent countries of Asia and Africa after the end of the Second World War.


 16

Assess any four consequences of the national emergency imposed in the year 1975 in India.

OR


Evaluate the emergence of Janata Party as people’s alternative to the Congress Party in the elections of 1977.


 17

Read the passage given below carefully and answer the following questions :

The ease with which the succession after Nehru took place proved all the critics wrong. When Nehru passed away, K. Kamraj, the President of the Congress Party consulted party leaders and Congress Members of Parliament and found that there was a consensus in favour of Lal Bahadur Shastri. He was unanimously chosen as the leader of the Congress parliamentary party and thus became the country’s next Prime Minister. Shastri was a non-controversial leader from Uttar Pradesh who had been a Minister in Nehru’s cabinet for many years. Nehru had come to depend a lot on him in his last years. He was known for his simplicity and his commitment to principles.


(i) Which two fears of the critics were proved wrong by the easy succession after Nehru’s demise ?


(ii) Give any one example to prove that Lal Bahadur Shastri was known for his commitment to principles.


(iii) Highlight any two major challenges which India faced during Shastri’s Prime Ministership.


OR


Read the passage given below carefully and answer the following questions :


While Indira Gandhi had been politically active for very long, she had served as a minister under Lal Bahadur Shastri only for a short period. The senior Congress leaders may have supported Indira Gandhi in the belief that her administrative and political inexperience would compel her to be dependent on them for support and guidance. Within a year of becoming Prime Minister, Indira Gandhi had to lead the


party in the Lok Sabha election. Around this time, the economic situation in the country had further deteriorated, adding to her problems. Faced with these difficulties, she set out to gain control over the party and to demonstrate her leadership skills.


(i) Which senior leader of the Congress Party contested for the post of Prime Ministerial candidate along with Indira Gandhi after Shastri’s death in 1966 ?


(ii) Explain any two policy initiatives taken by Indira Gandhi to control the economic condition of the country at this time.


(iii) How did Indira Gandhi assert her leadership skills and consolidate her position within the party after 1967 elections ? Give any two examples.