Q13 of 51 Page 1

A. What do ‘Y’ and ‘B’ stand for in ‘YAC’ and ‘BAC’ used in Human Genome Project (HGP). Mention their role in the project.

B. Write the percentage of the total human genome that codes for proteins and the percentage of discovered genes whose functions are known as observed during HGP.


C. Expand ‘SNPs’ identified by scientists in HGP.

A. In Human Genome Project (HGP), ‘YAC’ Y stands for Yeast and in ‘BAC’ B stands for bacteria. These are used as a vector for cloning foreign DNA.

B. The percentage of the total human genome that codes for proteins are less than 2%. The percentage of discovered genes whose functions are known is more than 50%.


C. ‘SNPs’ stands for Single Nucleotide Polymorphism in HGP.


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B. What is amniocentesis and why there is a statutory ban on it?

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Differentiate between homology and analogy. Give one example of each.

 15

A. It is generally observed that the children who had suffered from chicken – pox in their childhood may not contract the same disease in their adulthood. Explain giving reasons the basis of such an immunity in an individual. Name this kind of immunity.

B. What are interferons? Mention their role.