Q23 of 51 Page 1

A large number of married couples the world over are childless. It is shocking to know that in India the female partner is often blamed for the couple is childless.

A. Why in your opinion is the female partner often blamed for such situations in India? Mention any two values that you as a biology student can promote to check this social evil.


B. State any two reasons responsible for the cause of infertility.


C. Suggest a technique that can help the couple to have a child where the problem is with the male partner.

A. Female partner is blamed due to lack of awareness regarding reproduction and due domination of male in the society.

As a biology student awareness can be created that Abnormality can be in any of the partners of the couple. Only proper diagnosis of both the partner can detect the infertility reasons. Awareness can be created to respect towards both the partners in case of the problem and to find the remedy from medical experts rather than consulting baba and ojhas. Awareness can be created not to believe in superstitions.


B. The reasons for infertility may be an abnormality in the reproductive system, congenital (by birth) and may be due to immunity.


C. Intra cytoplasmic sperm injection (ICSI) or artificial insemination (AI) can help the couple to have a child where the problem is with the male partner.


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Name and explain the type of interaction that exists in mycorrhizae and between cattle egret and cattle.

 22

Differentiate between primary and secondary succession. Provide one example of each.

 24

A. Explain the menstrual phase in a human female. State the levels of ovarian and pituitary hormones during this phase.

B. Why is a follicular phase in the menstrual cycle also referred as a proliferative phase? Explain.


C. Explain the events that occur in Graafian follicle at the time of ovulation and thereafter.


D. Draw a Graafian follicle and label antrum and secondary oocyte.

 24

A. As a senior biology student, you have been asked to demonstrate to the students of secondary level in your school, the procedure(s) that shall ensure cross-pollination in a hermaphrodite flower. List the different steps that you would suggest and provide reasons for each one of them.

B. Draw a diagram of a section of a megasporangium of an angiosperm and label funiculus, micropyle, embryosac, and nucellus.