Q3 of 95 Page 94

Given on the next page is a simple diagram o circulation of blood in a mammal showing the blood vessels, the heart, lungs and body tissues. The blood vessel, labelled 6, contains deoxygenated blood and the valve leading to it has three semi-lunar pockets.


(a) Name the blood vessels and organs marked by numbers 1 to 8.


(b) What is meant by the term 'double circulation' of blood in mammals?


(c) What is diastole?

(a) The blood vessels and organs marked by numbers 1 to 8 are in the figure are as shown below:



1: Body tissues (it includes all the visceral organs which are bathed in blood)


2 : Venacava (as it is carrying blood from body tissues to right auricle)


3 : Aorta (as it is carrying blood away from He ( art to other body parts)


4 : Right ventricle (as pulmonary artery arises from the right ventricle)


5 : Left auricle as pulmonary vein is arising from lungs to left auricle)


6 : Pulmonary artery (as it is carrying blood from right ventricle to the lungs)


7 : Pulmonary vein (as it is carrying blood from lungs to the left auricle)


8 : Lungs (as pulmonary artery is draining de oxygenated blood into lungs and pulmonary vein is carrying oxygenated blood to the left auricle).


(b) Double circulation of blood means blood flows twice in the heart before it completes one full round :


The short pulmonary circulation (from right ventricle through pulmonary artery to lungs & back through pulmonary veins into left auricle).


The long systemic circulation (from left ventricle through aorta & back to right auricle through superior & inferior venacava).



(c) The relaxing or expansion phase of the heart during cardiac cycle is called diastole.


During ventricular diastole blood enters ventricle by crossing through tricuspid & bicuspid valve. During Atrial diastole , blood passes into aorta & pulmonary artery through semilunar valves.


More from this chapter

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1

Given below are the diagrammatic sketches of two kinds of blood vessels.


(a) Identify the blood vessels A and B


(b) Name the parts numbered 1 to 6.


(c) Mention any two main differences between A and B.

 2

Given below is a highly schematic diagram of the human blood circulatory system.


(a) Which part (state the number) represents the heart? Give reason in support of your answer.


(b) Which numbers represent the following respectively?




















Aorta



Renal vein



Hepatic portal vein



Stomach



Pulmonary artery



Dorsal aorta



Superior vena cava



 4

The diagram below shows part of the capillary bed in an organ of the human body. Some of the blood arriving at the capillaries at points labelled A, moves out into the spaces between the tissue cells. Study the diagram and answer the questions that follow:


(a) When the liquid from the blood surrounds the cells, what is it called?


(b) Name any one important component of the blood which remains inside the capillaries and fails to move out into the spaces.


(c) Some of the liquid surrounding the cells does not pass directly back into the blood but eventually reaches it by another route through vessel X. Name the fluid present in vessel X.


(d) State two important functions performed in our body by the fluid present in the vessel X.

 5

The following simplified diagram refers to the outline plan of the circulation of blood in a mammal. Study the diagram and write the number and the name of the blood vessel in each case as mentioned ahead.


(a) Several hours after a meal containing a lot of protein, which vessel will contain the highest concentration of urea?


(b) Which vessel would contain the highest concentration of amino acids and glucose soon after a meal?,