Q9 of 805 Page 1

How does the application of the fungal genus, Glomus, to the agricultural farm increase the farm output?

Glomus fungi belong to the genus of fungi which are found in symbiotic relationship with the roots of the seed plants (mycorrhiza). It absorbs phosphorus from the soil and passes it to the plant and in turn derives sugars from the plant for survival.


Thus, it acts as a Biofertiliser. Plants having such association show other benefits also, which are as follows:


(a) Resistance to root borne pathogens.


(b) Tolerance to salinity and drought.


(c) Overall increase in plant growth and development.


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7

Describe the structure of a nucleosome.

OR


Mention the evolutionary significance of the following organisms :


(a) Shrews


(b) Lobefins


(c) Homo habilis


(d) Homo erectus


 8

In an agricultural field there is a prevalence of the following organisms and crop diseases which are affecting the crop yield badly :

(a) White rust


(b) Leaf and stripe rust


(c) Black rot


(d) Jassids


Recommend the varieties of crops the farmers should grow to get rid of the existing problem and thus improve the crop yield.


 10

Plenty of algal bloom is observed in a pond in your locality.

(a) Write what has caused this bloom and how does it affect the quality of water.


(b) Suggest a preventive measure.


 11

a) List the three stages the annuals and biennial angiosperms have to pass through during their life cycle.

(b) List and describe any two vegetative propagules in flowering plants.