Q22 of 805 Page 1

What type of organs eye of an Octopus and that of a human called ? Give another example from the animal group and one from the plants of such organs. Name and explain the evolutionary process they exhibit.

The eye of an Octopus and the eye of a human are known as Analogous type of organ.Analogous organs have anatomically different structures, but these structures perform the same function. These structures or features are not present in the last common ancestor of these groups.

Example of an animal and a plant which exhibits analogous organs are:


i) Flippers of dolphin and penguin.


ii) Sweet potato and Potato.


They exhibit a Convergent evolutionary process. Convergent evolutionary species have different ancestral origins, but they have developed similar features.


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(a) Write how e-waste is generated.


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(a) Explain the steps involved in in vitro fertilisation popularly known as test tube baby programme.

(b) State the importance of this programme.


OR


(a) State one difference and one similarity between geitonogamy and xenogamy.


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